ETennessee nakwamanye amazwe amaninzi kweli lizwe, imithetho emitsha echasene nethiyori yobuhlanga ebalulekileyo ichaphazela izigqibo ezincinci kodwa ezibalulekileyo ezenziwa ngabafundisi mihla le.
Bhalisela i-Chalkbeat Tennessee's newsletter yemihla ngemihla yasimahla ukuze uhlale uhlaziyiwe kwizikolo zaseMemphis-Shelby County kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo wemfundo karhulumente.
Owona mbutho mkhulu wabafundisi-ntsapho eTennessee uzimanye nootishala besikolo sikarhulumente abahlanu kwisimangalo esichasene nomthetho welizwe weminyaka emibini owawunqanda into abanokufundisa ngayo malunga nobuhlanga, isini kunye negumbi lokufundela.
Isimangalo sabo, esifakwe kwinkundla yomanyano yaseNashville ngobusuku bangoLwesibini ngamagqwetha eTennessee Education Association, batyhola ukuba amagama omthetho ka-2021 awacacanga kwaye awahambelani nomgaqo-siseko kwaye isicwangciso sokunyanzeliswa kukarhulumente sixhomekeke.
Isikhalazo sikwatyhola ngelithi imithetho yaseTennessee ebizwa ngokuba “yimiba engavumelekanga” iphazamisana nokufundiswa kwezihloko ezinzima kodwa ezibalulekileyo eziqukwe kwimigangatho yemfundo karhulumente.Le migangatho imisela iinjongo zokufunda ezivunywe ngurhulumente ezikhokela ezinye izigqibo zekharityhulam neemvavanyo.
Isimangalo linyathelo lokuqala elisemthethweni elichasene nomthetho welizwe ophikisanayo, elokuqala lolo hlobo kuzwelonke.Lo mthetho wawiswa phakathi kokubuyela umva kwabagcini bemeko ngokuchasene nokuqhekeka kweMelika kucalucalulo kulandela ukubulawa kukaGeorge Floyd ngo-2020 lipolisa elimhlophe eMinneapolis kunye noqhanqalazo oluchasene nobuhlanga olwalandelayo.
Ummeli we-Oak Ridge uJohn Ragan, omnye wabaxhasi beRiphabhlikhi yebhili, wathi umthetho uyafuneka ukukhusela abafundi be-K-12 kwizinto yena kunye nabanye abenzi bomthetho ababona njengeengcamango ezilahlekisayo kunye nokwahlukana kwezentlalo zesini, ezifana nethiyori ebalulekileyo yobuhlanga..Uphando lootitshala lubonisa ukuba esi siseko semfundo asifundiswa kwizikolo ze-K-12, kodwa sisetyenziswa kakhulu kwimfundo ephakamileyo ukuphonononga ukuba ipolitiki nomthetho ziluqhubela njani ucalucalulo olucwangcisiweyo.
INdlu yoWiso-mthetho yaseTennessee elawulwa yiRiphabhlikhi yawugqithisa kakhulu umthetho oyilwayo kwiintsuku zokugqibela zeseshini ka-2021, kwiintsuku emva kokuba yazisiwe.Irhuluneli uBill Lee ngokukhawuleza wayityikitya ukuba ibe ngumthetho, kwaye kamva kulo nyaka iSebe lezeMfundo likarhulumente layila imithetho yokuyimilisela.Ukuba kufunyaniswe ukunyhashwa kwemithetho, ootitshala banokuphulukana neelayisensi zabo kwaye izithili zesikolo ziphulukane nenkxaso-mali karhulumente.
Kwiminyaka emibini yokuqala umthetho wawusebenza, kukho izikhalazo nje ezimbalwa yaye kungekho sohlwayo.Kodwa uRagan uye wazisa umthetho omtsha owandisa isangqa sabantu abanokufaka izikhalazo.
Isikhalazo sityhola ukuba umthetho awubaniki abafundisi-ntsapho baseTennessee ithuba elifanelekileyo lokufunda ukuba yeyiphi ihambo nokufundisa ekungavumelekanga.
“Ootishala bakule ndawo engwevu apho singayazi into esinokuyenza okanye esingakwaziyo ukuyenza okanye ukuthetha eklasini,” utshilo uKatherine Vaughn, umfundisi-ntsapho onamava waseTipton County kufuphi neMemphis kunye nomnye wabamangali abahlanu abafundisi." Kule meko.
"Ukuphunyezwa komthetho - ukusuka kubunkokeli ukuya kuqeqesho - akukho nto," wongezelela uVaughn.“Oku kubabeka emngciphekweni abafundisi-ntsapho.”
Esi simangalo sikwatyhola ngelithi umthetho ukhuthaza ukunyanzeliswa ngokungenamkhethe nocalucalulo kwaye wophula isiHlomelo seShumi elinesine kuMgaqo-siseko wase-US, othintela naliphi na ilizwe “ukuba lithintele nawuphi na umntu ubomi, inkululeko, okanye impahla ngaphandle kwenkqubo efanelekileyo yomthetho.”
“Umthetho ufuna ukucaca,” utshilo uTanya Coates, umongameli we-TEA, iqela lootitshala elikhokela eli tyala.
Uthe abafundisi-ntsapho bachitha “iiyure ezingenakubalwa” bezama ukuqonda iikhonsepthi ezili-14 ezingekho mthethweni nakwigumbi lokufundela, kubandakanywa nokuba iMelika “inocalucalulo ngokwesini ngokusisiseko okanye ngokungenathemba”;"ukuthatha uxanduva" lwezenzo zangaphambili zamanye amalungu ohlanga okanye isini esifanayo ngenxa yohlanga okanye isini sabo.
Ukungacaci kakuhle kwezi kota kubangele ifuthe elibi ezikolweni, ukusuka kwindlela ootitshala abaphendula ngayo imibuzo yabafundi ukuya kwizinto abazifunde eklasini, i-TEA ibika.Ukuphepha izikhalazo ezithatha ixesha kunye nobungozi bezohlwayo ezivela kurhulumente, iinkokeli zezikolo ziye zenza utshintsho kwimisebenzi yokufundisa nemisebenzi yesikolo.Kodwa ekugqibeleni, uCoats uthi ngabafundi abasokolayo.
"Lo mthetho uthintela umsebenzi wootitshala baseTennessee ekuboneleleni abafundi ngemfundo ebanzi, esekelwe kubungqina," utshilo uCoates kwingxelo yeendaba.
Isimangalo esinamaphepha angama-52 sibonelela ngemizekelo ethile yendlela isithintelo esichaphazela ngayo malunga nesigidi sabafundi besikolo sikarhulumente saseTennessee abafundayo kwaye abangafundi yonke imihla.
"KwiNqila yaseTipton, umzekelo, isikolo sitshintshe uhambo lwaso lonyaka kwiMyuziyam yeSizwe yamaLungelo oLuntu eMemphis ukubukela umdlalo we-baseball.EShelby County, umqhubi wekwayala ofundise abafundi kangangamashumi eminyaka ukucula nokuqonda ibali lamaculo abawaculayo uya kugqalwa njengamakhoboka.”ukwahlula” okanye ukwaphula ukuvalwa komsebenzi,” litsho eli tyala.Ezinye izithili zezikolo ziye zakhupha iincwadi kwizifundo zazo ngenxa yomthetho.
I-Ofisi yeRhuluneli ayiqhelekanga ukuthetha ngamatyala asalindelweyo, kodwa isithethi sikaLee Jed Byers sikhuphe ingxelo ngoLwesithathu malunga nesi simangalo: “IRhuluneli ityikitye lo mthetho usayilwayo kuba wonke umzali ufanele abe noxanduva ngemfundo yomntwana wakhe.Nyaniseka, bafundi baseTennessee.imbali noluntu zifanele zifundiswe ngokusekelwe kwizibakala kungekhona kwiingcamango zezobupolitika ezibangela iyantlukwano.”
I-Tennessee yayiyenye yamazwe okuqala ukuwisa imithetho yokunciphisa ubunzulu bengxoxo yaseklasini yeengcamango ezinjengokungalingani kunye nelungelo elimhlophe.
NgoMatshi, iSebe lezeMfundo laseTennessee labika ukuba izikhalazo ezimbalwa ziye zafakwa kwizithili zesikolo njengoko kufunwa ngumthetho.I-arhente ifumene izibheno ezimbalwa ezichasene nezigqibo zasekuhlaleni.
Omnye wayevela kumzali womfundi wesikolo sabucala eDavidson County.Ngenxa yokuba lo mthetho awusebenzi kwizikolo zabucala, isebe lemfundo limisele ukuba abazali abanalungelo lokubhena phantsi kwalo mthetho.
Esinye isikhalazo safakwa ngumzali waseBlount County ngokunxulumene neWings of the Dragon, inoveli echazwe kwimbono yenkwenkwe yaseTshayina engumphambukeli ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20.Urhulumente usikhabile isibheno ngokweziphumo zawo.
Nangona kunjalo, izikolo zaseBlount County zisayisusile le ncwadi kwikharityhulam yebanga lesithandathu.Eli tyala lichaza umonakalo ongokweemvakalelo owabangelwa ligqala lomfundisi-ntsapho oneminyaka engama-45 ubudala “owayeneentloni kukumangalelwa kangangeenyanga ngenxa yesikhalazo somzali omnye ngencwadi yabakwishumi elivisayo eyawongwayo.”Umsebenzi wakhe "Engozini" uvunyiwe liSebe laseTennessee.imfundo yaza yamkelwa yibhodi yesikolo yasekuhlaleni njengenxalenye yekharityhulam yesithili.“
Isebe likwanqabile ukuphanda isikhalazo esifakwe nguWilliamson County, emazantsi eNashville, kungekudala emva kokuba umthetho uwisiwe.URobin Steenman, umongameli wasekhaya weFreedom Moms, uthe inkqubo yokufundisa iWit kunye noBulumko esetyenziswa zizikolo zaseWilliamson County ngo-2020-21 ine-ajenda "enomkhethe kakhulu" obangela ukuba abantwana "bathiye ilizwe labo kunye nomnye" .nabanye.”/ okanye ngokwabo.“
Isithethi sithe isebe ligunyaziswe kuphela ukuba liphande amabango aqala ngonyaka wesikolo ka-2021-22 kwaye wakhuthaza u-Stillman ukuba asebenzisane nezikolo zaseWilliamson County ukusombulula iinkxalabo zakhe.
Amagosa eSebe awazange aphendule ngokukhawuleza ngoLwesithathu xa ebuzwa ukuba urhulumente ufumene izibheno ezingakumbi kwezi nyanga zidlulileyo.
Phantsi komgaqo-nkqubo karhulumente okhoyo ngoku, kuphela ngabafundi, ngabazali, okanye abaqeshwa besithili sesikolo okanye besikolo esihlawulelwayo abanokufaka isikhalazo ngesikolo sabo.Umthetho oyilwayo weRagan, oxhaswe nguSenator uJoey Hensley, eHornwald, uya kuvumela nawuphi na umhlali wesithili sesikolo ukuba afake isikhalazo.
Kodwa abagxeki baphikisa ngelithi olo tshintsho luya kuvula umnyango kumaqela alondolozayo afana nooMama beLiberal ukuba bakhalaze kwiibhodi zezikolo zasekuhlaleni malunga nokufundisa, iincwadi okanye izixhobo abakholelwa ukuba zaphula umthetho, nokuba azinxulumananga ngokuthe ngqo nezikolo.Utitshala onengxaki okanye isikolo.
I-Prohibition Concept Act yahlukile kuMthetho we-Tennessee ka-2022, lowo, ngokusekwe kwizibheno ezisuka kwizigqibo zebhodi yesikolo yasekuhlaleni, uxhobisa ikhomishini karhulumente ukuba izithintele iincwadi kumathala eencwadi kuzwelonke ukuba zizibona “zingafanelekanga kwiminyaka yomfundi okanye inqanaba lokukhula.”
Inqaku loMhleli: Eli nqaku lihlaziywe ukuze libandakanye inkcazo evela kwi-ofisi yeRhuluneli kunye nomnye wabamangali.
Martha W. Aldrich is a senior reporter covering events at the Tennessee State Capitol. Please contact her at maldrich@chalkbeat.org.
Ngokubhalisa, uyavumelana neNkcazo yethu yaBucala, kunye nabasebenzisi baseYurophu bavumelana noMgaqo-nkqubo woThutho lweDatha.Unokufumana unxibelelwano oluvela kubaxhasi ngamanye amaxesha.
Ngokubhalisa, uyavumelana neNkcazo yethu yaBucala, kunye nabasebenzisi baseYurophu bavumelana noMgaqo-nkqubo woThutho lweDatha.Unokufumana unxibelelwano oluvela kubaxhasi ngamanye amaxesha.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-28-2023