Iikhemesti kunye neeofisi zoogqirha ziza kuqala ukubonelela ngogonyo lomkhuhlane luka-2023-2024 kule nyanga. Okwangoku, abanye abantu baza kukwazi ukufumana olunye ugonyo lokulwa nezifo zokuphefumla: ugonyo olutsha lwe-RSV.
“Ukuba unokubanika ngexesha elinye kuphela, kufuneka ubanike ngexesha elinye,” utshilo ingcali yezifo ezosulelayo u-Amesh Adalja, MD, isazinzulu esiphezulu kwiZiko lezeMpilo laseJohns Hopkins. Kulungile kakhulu. “Imeko efanelekileyo kukufaka iingalo ezahlukeneyo, kodwa ukuzifaka ngexesha elinye kunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinje ngokuba buhlungu kwengalo, ukudinwa kunye nokungonwabi.”
Nantsi into ekufuneka uyazi malunga nezitofu zombini, kunye nendlela isitofu esitsha sokunyusa i-COVID-19 esiza kuza ngayo kamva kweli hlobo siza kuyichaphazela ngayo isicwangciso sakho sokugonya.
“Unyaka ngamnye, isitofu somkhuhlane senziwe ngeentsholongwane zomkhuhlane ezazisasazeka ekupheleni kwexesha lomkhuhlane lonyaka ophelileyo,” utshilo uWilliam Schaffner, MD, unjingalwazi wezonyango zokuthintela kwiSikolo sezonyango kwiYunivesithi yaseVanderbilt eNashville, exelele uWeaver. “Yiyo loo nto wonke umntu oneenyanga ezi-6 nangaphezulu kufuneka afumane isitofu somkhuhlane sonyaka ngaphambi kwexesha lomkhuhlane.”
Iikhemesti ezifana neWalgreens kunye neCVS ziqalile ukuqokelela imijovo yomkhuhlane. Ungenza idinga lokudibana nogqirha wakho okanye kwiwebhusayithi yekhemesti.
Ukususela kwiinyanga ezi-6 ubudala, phantse wonke umntu ufanele afumane inaliti yomkhuhlane yonyaka. Nangona bekukho izilumkiso zangaphambili malunga netekhnoloji yokugonyela umkhuhlane osekelwe kumaqanda, ezi zazijoliswe kubantu abane-allergies zamaqanda.
“Ngaphambili, bekucetyiswa amanyathelo okhuseleko ongezelelweyo okugonyelwa umkhuhlane wamaqanda kubantu abaye baba neempembelelo ezinkulu ze-allergy kumaqanda,” utshilo isithethi seZiko loLawulo lweZifo kunye nokuThintela (i-CDC) kuVerveer. “IKomiti yeeNgcebiso ngeZitofu ze-CDC ivotele ukuba abantu abane-allergy yamaqanda banokufumana naluphi na ugonyo lomkhuhlane (olusekelwe kumaqanda okanye olungekho emaqandeni) olufanelekileyo ngokweminyaka yabo kunye nemeko yabo yempilo. Ukongeza ekucebiseni ugonyo ngalo naluphi na ugonyo, akusacetyiswa ukuba lukhuthazwe. Thatha amanyathelo okhuseleko ongezelelweyo ngemijovo yakho yomkhuhlane.”
Ukuba ngaphambili ukhe waba nefuthe elibi kakhulu kwi-flu shot okanye une-allergy kwizithako ezifana ne-gelatin (ngaphandle kwamaqanda), usenokungabi ngumntu ofanelekileyo kwi-flu shot. Abanye abantu abane-Guillain-Barré syndrome basenokungafaneleki kwi-flu gonyo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-flu shots, ngoko thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze ufumane ukuba kukho na ukhetho olukhuselekileyo kuwe.
Ngokutsho kweZiko loLawulo lweZifo kunye nokuThintela (CDC), abanye abantu kufuneka bacinge ngokugonywa ngokukhawuleza, kuquka no-Agasti:
Kodwa uninzi lwabantu lufanele lulinde de kube sekwindla ukuze lufumane ukhuseleko olungcono kumkhuhlane, ingakumbi abantu abadala abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu kunye nabasetyhini abakhulelweyo kwi-trimester yabo yokuqala neyesibini.
“Andicebisi ukuba ufumane inaliti yomkhuhlane kwangethuba kuba ukhuseleko lwayo luyehla njengoko ixesha lonyaka liqhubeka, ngoko ke ndihlala ndicetyisa ukuba ufumane inaliti ka-Okthobha,” utshilo u-Adalja.
Ukuba isebenza kakuhle kwisicwangciso sakho, ungafumana ugonyo lomkhuhlane ngaxeshanye nogonyo lwe-RSV.
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zegonyo lomkhuhlane, kuquka nespray yempumlo evunyiweyo kubantu abaneminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwengama-49. Kubantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-65, iZiko loLawulo lweZifo kunye nokuThintela (i-CDC) alicebisi naluphi na ugonyo lomkhuhlane ngaphezu kolunye. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu kufuneka bafumane idosi ephezulu yegonyo lomkhuhlane ukuze bakhuseleke ngcono. Ezi ziquka igonyo lomkhuhlane elinomthamo ophezulu we-Fluzone quadrivalent, igonyo lomkhuhlane elinomthamo ophezulu we-Flublok quadrivalent kunye negonyo lomkhuhlane elinomthamo ophezulu we-Fluad quadrivalent.
Intsholongwane ye-Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) yintsholongwane eqhelekileyo edla ngokubangela iimpawu ezibuthathaka, ezifana nomkhuhlane. Uninzi lwabantu luyaphola kwiveki okanye ezimbini. Kodwa iintsana kunye nabantu abadala banamathuba amaninzi okuba nentsholongwane ye-respiratory syncytial virus kwaye badinga ukulaliswa esibhedlele.
I-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) isandula ukuvuma ugonyo lokuqala lwe-RSV. I-Abrysvo, eyenziwe yiPfizer Inc., kunye ne-Arexvy, eyenziwe yiGlaxoSmithKline Plc, ziya kufumaneka kwiiofisi zoogqirha nakwiikhemesti phakathi ku-Agasti. I-Walgreens ibhengeze ukuba abantu ngoku bangaqala ukwenza idinga logonyo lwe-RSV.
Abantu abadala abaneminyaka engama-60 nangaphezulu bafanelekile ukufumana ugonyo lwe-RSV, kwaye i-CDC icebisa ukuba uqale uxoxe nogqirha wakho ngogonyo.
Le arhente ayizange iluncome olu gonyo ngoko nangoko ngenxa yomngcipheko we-rare atrial fibrillation, iingxaki zokuvaleka kwentliziyo kunye ne-rare Guillain-Barre syndrome.
I-CDC ikwacebise kutshanje ukuba bonke abantwana abangaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-8 abangena kwixesha labo lokuqala le-RSV bafumane iyeza elitsha elivunyiweyo elifakwe inaliti iBeyfortus (nirsevimab). Abantwana abangaphantsi kweenyanga ezili-19 ubudala abasajongwa njengabasengozini yosulelo olukhulu lwe-RSV nabo bayafaneleka. Kulindeleke ukuba kugonywe kule ntwasahlobo.
Oogqirha bathi abantu abafanelekileyo ukufumana olu gonyo kufuneka bagonywe ngokukhawuleza ukuze bazikhusele ngaphambi kokuqala kwexesha le-RSV, elihlala liqala ngoSeptemba lize liqhubeke de kube yintwasahlobo.
“Abantu bafanele bafumane i-RSV vaccine kwangoko nje ukuba ifumaneke kuba ayihlali ixesha elide,” utshilo u-Adalja.
Unokufumana inaliti yomkhuhlane kunye nenaliti ye-RSV ngaloo mini. Lungela iintlungu zengalo, wongezelela u-Adalja.
NgoJuni, ikomiti yeengcebiso ye-FDA ivote ngazwi linye ukuphuhlisa isitofu esitsha se-COVID-19 ukukhusela kwi-XBB.1.5. Ukusukela ngoko, i-FDA ivumile isitofu esitsha esivela kwi-Pfizer kunye neModerna esikhusela nakwi-BA.2.86 kunye ne-EG.5.
IZiko loLawulo nokuThintela izifo (i-CDC) liza kwenza iingcebiso zokuba abantu bangalufumana na ugonyo lwe-COVID-19 ngaxeshanye nogonyo lwe-flu kunye ne-RSV.
Nangona uninzi lwabantu kufuneka balinde de kube nguSeptemba okanye u-Okthobha ukuze bafumane inaliti yomkhuhlane, ungayifumana ngoku. Iinaliti ze-RSV nazo ziyafumaneka kwaye zinokunikwa nangaliphi na ixesha ngexesha lonyaka.
I-inshurensi ifanele igubungele ezi gonyo. Akukho inshurensi? Ukuze ufumane ulwazi malunga neekliniki zokugonya zasimahla, fowunela ku-311 okanye ukhangele ngekhowudi yeposi ku-findahealthcenter.hrsa.gov ukuze ufumane iigonyo ezininzi zasimahla kwiZiko lezeMpilo eliQinisekisiweyo leSizwe elikufutshane nawe.
NguFran Kritz UFran Kritz yintatheli yezempilo ezimeleyo egxile kwimpilo yabathengi kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo wezempilo. Wayengumbhali wangaphambili weForbes kunye ne-US News & World Report.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Disemba-16-2023