Imodeli yoBuchule beSihlunu seNtloko neNtlalo, uMfanekiso woBuchule boMntu, Imodeli yoMzimba woMntu, Imodeli yoBuchule beNtloko neMisipha yoQeqesho loBuso lwePlastiki encinci, utyando loBuso lweMisipha

• Le modeli ibonisa izihlunu zentloko, intamo kunye nesifuba. Bonisa izihlunu ezingasentla nezinzulu kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kwaye wenze uyilo lwe-anatomy eneenkcukacha kwi-subclavian artery kunye ne-internal carotid artery.
• Ndazisa isakhiwo se-anatomical, i-anatomical, i-anatomy kunye neklinikhi edibanisa intloko nentamo ngokweenkcukacha iinkalo zesakhiwo sendawo kunye nolawulo. Ibandakanya amanqanaba ahlukeneyo e-anatomical, iindawo ze-anatomical zemisipha yentloko nentamo, ii-lymph nodes zentloko nentamo, ukuhanjiswa kwegazi, i-fascia, njl.njl.
• Imodeli iyinyani, umbala uqaqambile. I-Gully grain icacile xa uyijonga nje.
• Iza nophawu lwemiyalelo yedijithali, olusebenza kakuhle kwaye lukhawuleza ukusetyenziswa, kwaye lukwabonelela ngengqiqo kunye nokusebenza.
• Ifanelekile kutyando lwentloko nentamo, utyando lwe-neurosurgery, ugqirha wotyando lwe-maxillofacial kunye neengcali ezinxulumene noko.
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Umzimba womntu unezihlunu ezimalunga nama-639. Wenziwe zii-muscle fibers ezimalunga neebhiliyoni ezi-6, apho i-muscle fiber ende kakhulu ingama-60 eesentimitha, kwaye eyona imfutshane imalunga ne-1 milimitha kuphela. Izihlunu ezinkulu zinobunzima obumalunga neekhilogram ezimbini, ezincinci zinobunzima obungama-gram ambalwa kuphela. Izihlunu zomntu oqhelekileyo zenza malunga nama-35 ukuya kuma-45 ekhulwini obunzima bomzimba wakhe.
Ngokwesakhiwo kunye nomsebenzi owahlukileyo, inokwahlulwa ibe zizihlunu ezigudileyo, izihlunu zentliziyo kunye nezihlunu zamathambo, kwaye ngokwemilo, inokwahlulwa ibe zizihlunu ezinde, izihlunu ezimfutshane, izihlunu ezithe tyaba kunye nezihlunu ze-orbicularis [2]. Izihlunu ezigudileyo zenziwe ikakhulu zizitho zangaphakathi kunye nemithambo yegazi, ngokucotha okucothayo, okuhlala ixesha elide, okungadinwa lula kunye nezinye iimpawu, i-myocardium yenza udonga lwentliziyo, zombini azinciphisi ukuthanda kwabantu, ngoko ke ibizwa ngokuba zizihlunu ezinganyanzelekanga. Izihlunu zamathambo zisasazwa entloko, entanyeni, esiqwini nasemilenzeni, zihlala zinamathele ethanjeni, ukucotha kwezihlunu zamathambo kuyakhawuleza, kunamandla, kulula ukudinwa, kunokuncitshiswa ukuthanda kwabantu, okubizwa ngokuba zizihlunu zokuzithandela. Izihlunu zamathambo ezibonwa phantsi kwe-microscope zi-striated transverse, ngoko ke zikwabizwa ngokuba zizihlunu ezi-striated.
Imisipha yamathambo yinxalenye yamandla yenkqubo yokuhamba, yahlulwe yaba yimicu yemisipha emhlophe nebomvu, imisipha emhlophe ixhomekeke kwiimpendulo ezikhawulezayo zeekhemikhali ukuze inciphe okanye yoluleke ngokukhawuleza, imisipha ebomvu ixhomekeke kwintshukumo yeoksijini eqhubekayo. Phantsi kokugcinwa kwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo, imisipha yamathambo iyancipha kwaye amathambo okutsala avelisa intshukumo. Imisipha yamathambo yomntu ineziqwenga ezingaphezu kwama-600, ezisasazeke ngokubanzi, ezimalunga nama-40% obunzima bomzimba, imisipha nganye yamathambo kungakhathaliseki ubungakanani bayo, inesimo esithile, isakhiwo, indawo kunye nezixhobo ezincedisayo, kwaye inokusasazwa okutyebileyo kwemithambo yegazi kunye nemithambo-luvo, kuxhomekeke kumlinganiselo othile wokugcinwa kwemithambo-luvo. Ke ngoko, imisipha nganye yamathambo ingathathwa njengesitho.
Umsipha wentloko unokwahlulwa ube ziinxalenye ezimbini: umsipha wobuso (imisipha yokubonakalisa) kunye nomsipha wokuhlafuna. Umsipha wesiqu unokwahlulwa ube zimisipha yomqolo, imisipha yesifuba, imisipha yesisu kunye nemisipha ye-diaphragm. Imisipha yemilenze engezantsi yahlulwe yaba yimisipha ye-hip (kuan), imisipha yethanga, imisipha yethole kunye nemisipha yeenyawo ngokwendawo ezikuyo, zonke ezo zinamandla kunemisipha yemilenze engentla, enxulumene nokuxhasa ubunzima, ukugcina ukuma nkqo nokuhamba. Imisipha yemilenze engentla yahlulwe yaba yimisipha yamagxa, imisipha yengalo, imisipha yengalo, imisipha yesandla kunye nemisipha yentamo ngokwendawo ezikuyo.