Inkcazo emfutshane:
Le modeli ifanelekile ukusetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokufundisa esilula xa kufundiswa izifundo zococeko lwe-physiological kwizikolo eziqhelekileyo zamabanga aphakathi, nto leyo evumela abafundi ukuba baqonde ukusasazwa kwee-bronchioles emiphungeni kunye nokwahlulwa kwazo zibe zii-terminal bronchioles, kunye nolwalamano lwazo ne-alveoli.
# Imodeli yokwakheka kwe-Alveolar – “Ifestile yeMicroscopic” yokufundisa ngeNkqubo yokuPhefumla
Ngaba ufuna ukutyhila ngokuthe ngqo iimfihlakalo ze-alveoli kunye ne-physiology yokuphefumla? Le "Alveolar Anatomy Model" yakha ibhulorho echanekileyo yokufundisa ngezonyango kunye nokwazisa isayensi yebhayoloji, ikuhambisa kwindawo ephambili yokutshintshiselana ngegesi!
1. Ukubuyiselwa Okuchanekileyo, "Ukubona" Izakhiwo Zomzimba
Le modeli ibonakalisa isakhiwo esihambelanayo se-alveoli kunye ne-bronchioles kwi-** isilinganiselo esiphezulu sokulinganisa** ngokupheleleyo:
- ** Inkqubo yoMoya ** : Bonisa ngokucacileyo amasebe ahambelanayo ee-terminal bronchioles → ii-respiratory bronchioles → ii-alveolar ducts → ii-alveolar sacs, buyisela "inethiwekhi efana nomthi" yendlela yomoya, kwaye ikuncede uqonde indlela yokuhambisa igesi;
- ** Iyunithi ye-Alveolar ** : Ikhulisa kwaye iveza imo ye-alveoli, kunye nezakhiwo ezincinci ezifana nenethiwekhi ye-capillary kunye neefayibha ze-elastic ngaphakathi kwe-alveolar septum, inika inkcazo ecacileyo "yesiseko sesakhiwo sokutshintshiselana kwegesi" - indlela ioksijini edlula ngayo kwiindonga ze-alveolar kunye neendonga ze-capillary iye egazini, kunye nendlela i-carbon dioxide ekhutshwa ngayo kwicala elichaseneyo;
- ** Ukusasazwa kweMithambo ** : Phawula unxibelelwano phakathi komthambo wemiphunga, amasebe omthambo wemiphunga kunye nee-capillaries, ubonise ngokucacileyo ukusebenza "kokujikeleza kwegazi kwimiphunga" kwi-alveoli, kwaye uqhekeze ingqiqo yokusebenzisana kweenkqubo zokuphefumla nezokujikeleza kwegazi.
Okwesibini, ukusetyenziswa kweemeko ezininzi ukwenza ulwazi "lufikeleleke lula"
(1) Imfundo yezonyango: Utshintsho oluvela kwithiyori ukuya kwisenzo
- ** Ukufundisa eklasini **: Ootitshala banokudibanisa iimodeli ukuchaza ulwazi olufana "nendima ye-alveolar surfactant" kunye "notshintsho kwisakhiwo se-alveolar ngexesha le-emphysema", endaweni yeenkcazo ezingacacanga ngemiboniso "yezinto ezibonakalayo" ukwenza ulwazi lwe-physiology yokuphefumla kunye ne-pathology lube lula ukuyiqonda.
- ** Umsebenzi Osebenzayo Wabafundi **: Abafundi bezonyango banokuqinisa inkumbulo yabo ngamanqaku abalulekileyo anje nge-"qi-blood barrier" kunye ne-"alveolar ventilation-blood flow ratio" ngokuqaphela ulwakhiwo lomzekelo, bebeka isiseko sokufunda nge-"Physiology", "Pathology", kunye ne-"Internal Medicine".
(2) Ukwazisa iSayensi yezebhayoloji: Ukwenza ulwazi lokuphefumla “lucace”
- ** Ukusasazwa kweSayensi yeKhampasi ** : Kwiiklasi zebhayoloji zesikolo samabanga aphakathi, iimodeli zisetyenziselwa ukubonisa imibuzo efana nokuthi “Kutheni ukuphefumla kusiba ngokukhawuleza emva kokubaleka?” (imfuno yomoya ophuma kwi-alveolar iyanda) kunye nokuthi “Ukutshaya kuyonakalisa njani i-alveoli?” (konakalisa imicu ethambileyo ye-alveoli), okwenza umgaqo ongabonakaliyo wokuphefumla ube nomtsalane kwaye ube nomtsalane;
- ** Ukukhuthazwa kwezeMpilo yoLuntu ** : Kwiintetho zempilo yoluntu nakwiiholo zemiboniso zokuthandwa kwesayensi yesibhedlele, iimodeli zisetyenziselwa ukuchaza imvelaphi yesifo "sesifo semiphunga esingapheliyo kunye ne-pneumonia", ukunceda uluntu luqonde umongo wezifo kunye nokuphucula ulwazi lwabo ngokhuseleko lwempilo.
(3) Uqeqesho lwezonyango: Ukunceda ekuqondeni izifo zokuphefumla
- ** Uqeqesho lwabaNesi/abaPhilisi boBuhlengikazi ** : Ngokujonga imodeli, qonda "indlela amayeza onyango lwe-nebulization afikelela ngayo kwi-alveoli" kunye "nendlela unyango lomzimba lwesifuba olukhuthaza ngayo umoya we-alveolar", kwaye uphucule imisebenzi yokunakekela kunye nokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo;
- ** Imfundo Yesigulana ** : Oogqirha banokubonisa ngokubonakalayo "utshintsho lwesakhiwo emva kokwenzakala kwe-alveolar" kwizigulana ezinesifo esingapheliyo semiphunga kunye ne-pulmonary fibrosis, bancedise ekuchazeni izicwangciso zonyango (ezifana noqeqesho lokuvuselela imiphunga kunye neenjongo zamayeza), kunye nokuphucula ukuthobela kwesigulane.
Ezintathu, uyilo olukumgangatho ophezulu, oluhlala ixesha elide nolusengqiqweni
Yenziwe ngezinto ze-*** ze-PVC ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo **, inesakhiwo esizinzileyo, ivelisa imibala ephezulu, kwaye ingasetyenziswa ixesha elide ngaphandle kokuguquka. Uyilo lwesiseko luqinisekisa ukuba imodeli inokubekwa ngokuzinzileyo, okwenza kube lula ukujonga kunye nengcaciso yee-engile ezininzi. Nokuba yimiboniso yokufundisa ephindaphindwayo okanye imiboniso yexesha elide, inokudlulisa ulwazi ngokuchanekileyo kwaye ibe "luncedo lokufundisa oluhlala luhleli" lokufunda ngefiziyoloji yokuphefumla.
Ukususela kwiiklasi zethiyori zabafundi bezonyango ukuya ekuthatyathweni kwesayensi yezempilo yoluntu, le modeli ye-alveolar anatomy, "enombono wayo we-microscopic" oqondakalayo, yenza ulwazi lokuphefumla lungasabonakali!
Umxholo wokufundisa:
1. I-bronchioles engenamathambo e-cartilage;
2. Ubudlelwane phakathi kwe-terminal bronchioles kunye ne-alveoli;
3. Ulwakhiwo lwemibhobho ye-alveolar kunye neengxowa ze-alveolar;
4. Inethiwekhi yee-capillary ekwiindawo eziphakathi kwe-alveoli.
Yenziwe ngePVC kwaye ibekwe kwisiseko seplastiki. Ubukhulu: 26x15x35CM.
Ukupakisha: 81x41x29CM, iziqwenga ezi-4 kwibhokisi nganye, 8KG
